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Ibn al-Haytham's 11th-century Book of Optics, which was published exactly 1000 years ago, is often cited alongside Newton's Principia as one of the most influential books in physics. Yet very little is known about the writer, considered by many to be the father of modern optics...
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In Book 8 of the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle says that “Friendship holds political communities together, and lawgivers apparently devote more attention to it than to justice.” This civic friendship Aristotle calls concord, the goodwill and mutual affection that makes each citizen enter...