CISA Alert: Vulnerabilities in Dario Health Blood Glucose App Raise Cybersecurity Concerns

A new cybersecurity advisory from the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has spotlighted several significant vulnerabilities in the Dario Health USB-C Blood Glucose Monitoring System Starter Kit Android Application. The advisory, which details a spectrum of security flaws ranging from personal data exposure to cross-site scripting, underscores the increasingly critical nature of cybersecurity within healthcare and connected medical devices.
In this article, we walk you through the key findings, technical details, real-world implications, and the recommended mitigations designed to keep both individual and organizational users safe. Even if you primarily manage Windows environments, the broader lessons on vigilant software updates and network isolation are universally applicable.

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Overview of the Advisory​

On February 27, 2025, CISA released its advisory (ICSMA-25-058-01) regarding several vulnerabilities found in Dario Health’s Android application, its underlying application database, and the associated Internet-based server infrastructure. Key highlights include:

• CVSS v4 Score: Up to 8.7 on some vulnerabilities
• Attack Complexity: Low, with remote exploitation possible
• Affected Sectors: Healthcare, Public Health, and critical infrastructure globally
• Impacted Products:
• USB-C Blood Glucose Monitoring System Starter Kit Android Application (versions 5.8.7.0.36 and prior)
• Dario Application Database and Internet-based Server Infrastructure (all versions)

This advisory serves as a crucial reminder that vulnerabilities in one segment of technology—even mobile or IoT devices—can have cascading effects on the broader digital ecosystem.

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Key Vulnerabilities and Technical Details​

Below is a breakdown of the vulnerabilities identified by CISA, along with their potential impacts and CVE assignments:

1. Exposure of Private Personal Information (CVE-2025-20060)​

• Issue: This vulnerability allows attackers to access cross-user Personal Identifiable Information (PII) and sensitive health data transmitted via the application database.
• Impact: A full session compromise can occur if exploited, exposing confidential personal health information.
• Technical Metrics:
• CVSS v3.1 Score: 7.5
• CVSS v4 Score: 8.7
• Implications: The exposure of sensitive health data not only poses privacy risks to users, but in a broader context, threatens the trust placed in digital health solutions.

2. Improper Output Neutralization for Logs (CVE-2025-23405)​

• Issue: The lack of adequate neutralization when outputting logs leaves the system vulnerable to injection attacks—commonly known as log injection.
• Impact: Attackers could manipulate logs to obscure illicit activities or disrupt normal operations, complicating incident response efforts.
• Technical Metrics:
• CVSS v3.1 Score: 5.3
• CVSS v4 Score: 6.9
• Implications: Malicious log entries could undermine the trustworthiness of security monitoring tools, making it more challenging to pinpoint and respond to further exploits.

3. Insecure Storage of Sensitive Data (CVE-2025-24843)​

• Issue: Sensitive data stored without proper access control mechanisms is vulnerable to unauthorized manipulation.
• Impact: This flaw could compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of stored data, impacting both application stability and user privacy.
• Technical Metrics:
• CVSS Scores: 5.1 (both v3.1 and v4)
• Implications: Even controlled data exposures can evolve into larger security breaches when attackers exploit weak access controls.

4. Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information (CVE-2025-24849)​

• Issue: The advisory highlights the lack of encryption in transit, making sensitive data susceptible to interception and manipulation.
• Impact: Exposed data transmitted over unencrypted channels can be easily intercepted by attackers, leading to exposure of highly sensitive information.
• Technical Metrics:
• CVSS v3.1 Score: 7.1
• CVSS v4 Score: 7.5
• Implications: In our era of ubiquitous connectivity, ensuring data is encrypted in transit is not just best practice—it’s essential for robust security.

5. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability (CVE-2025-20049)​

• Issue: The web portal service of the Dario Health system is vulnerable to improper input neutralization, which can be leveraged to inject malicious scripts.
• Impact: An attacker can use XSS to execute unauthorized actions, potentially obtaining sensitive session or cookie information.
• Technical Metrics:
• CVSS v3.1 Score: 5.8
• CVSS v4 Score: 7.1
• Implications: XSS remains one of the most common yet dangerous web vulnerabilities, providing an easy avenue for attackers to manipulate data and hijack sessions.

6. Sensitive Cookie Without ‘HttpOnly’ Flag (CVE-2025-24318)​

• Issue: Cookies without the HttpOnly flag can be easily retrieved using browser tools, thereby facilitating session hijacking especially in the presence of XSS vulnerabilities.
• Impact: This oversight can further compromise user sessions, leading to potential unauthorized access.
• Technical Metrics:
• CVSS v3.1 Score: 6.8
• CVSS v4 Score: 5.9
• Implications: Even seemingly minor configuration oversights such as missing HTTP flags can have significant security repercussions.

7. Exposure of Sensitive Information Due to Incompatible Policies (CVE-2025-24316)​

• Issue: The advisory identifies that the Dario Health server infrastructure is leaking development environment details, thereby exposing sensitive information.
• Impact: Such exposures can provide attackers with critical insights needed to craft further attacks against the system.
• Technical Metrics:
• CVSS v3.1 Score: 5.3
• CVSS v4 Score: 6.9
• Implications: Exposure of internal policies and environment details can facilitate unauthorized access and further exploitation of the system.

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Impacted Products and Risk Evaluation​

Affected Products​

• Android Application: Versions 5.8.7.0.36 and earlier of the Dario Health USB-C Blood Glucose Monitoring System Starter Kit.
• Server Infrastructure: All versions of the Dario Application Database and associated Internet-based server infrastructure.

Risk Evaluation​

Successful exploitation of any of these vulnerabilities could allow attackers to:

• Gain full session control, leading to unauthorized data access.
• Inject malicious code or manipulate critical healthcare data.
• Intercept sensitive health information transmitted in cleartext.
• Exploit misconfigured logging and cookie management mechanisms.

In essence, the advisory warns that the systemic risk isn’t limited to any single vulnerability but is amplified by the combination of these issues, potentially leading to a significant compromise of both patient data and the system’s integrity.

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Mitigation Measures and Recommendations​

Both Dario Health and CISA have provided clear guidance to mitigate the risks associated with these vulnerabilities. Here are the key recommendations:

• Update the Application:
• Action: Users must update their Dario Health Android mobile application to the latest version available from trusted sources.
• Rationale: Addressing vulnerabilities often starts with applying vendor patches that correct known security issues.
• Avoid Rooted or Jailbroken Devices:
• Action: Use official, unmodified devices to reduce the possibility of compounded vulnerabilities.
• Rationale: Rooted devices expose a broader range of system areas to potential exploitation.
• Steer Clear of Untrusted Networks:
• Action: Refrain from accessing the application on public, unsecured networks.
• Rationale: Untrusted networks can facilitate man-in-the-middle attacks, especially when sensitive data is transmitted in cleartext.
• Implement Defensive Network Measures (For Organizations):
• Action:
• Isolate control system devices behind robust firewalls.
• Use Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) when remote access is unavoidable, ensuring VPN software is up-to-date.
• Rationale: Minimizing network exposure not only prevents unauthorized access but also adds an essential layer of defense in depth.

Organizations and individual users alike should perform thorough impact analyses and risk assessments before deploying further defensive measures. These steps are not only relevant to enterprise environments but are also critical for safeguarding individual devices used within larger networks.

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Broader Implications for Cybersecurity in Healthcare​

The vulnerabilities highlighted in this advisory serve as a stark reminder of the challenges inherent to modern healthcare technology. Here are a few broader takeaways:

• The Expanding Attack Surface:
  With the growing integration of IoT devices and mobile health applications, the potential avenues for cyberattacks have multiplied. A single vulnerability in a seemingly isolated application can rapidly become a vulnerability in the larger healthcare ecosystem.
• Lessons for All Digital Users:
  While this advisory centers on a medical device application, the principles of securing data—in transit and at rest—are universally applicable. Whether you’re a Windows power user or a healthcare IT professional, regular software updates, network isolation, and secure configurations are non-negotiable.
• The Importance of Vigilance:
  Even if you’re not directly using a Dario Health product, similar vulnerabilities have been spotted in other critical applications over recent years. As we’ve seen in our ongoing discussions about Windows 11 security updates and feature fixes (for example, see our previous analysis at https://windowsforum.com/threads/354028), the adversary’s toolkit is constantly evolving.
• A Call to Action for Developers:
  Software developers must rigorously test for vulnerabilities such as improper input validation, insecure storage, and misconfiguration of security parameters. Failing to address these foundational issues can result in severe security breaches that have real-world consequences.

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Conclusion: Staying Secure in a Digital World​

The CISA advisory on the Dario Health Android application serves as a potent reminder that cybersecurity is a shared responsibility. From individual users ensuring that their devices are updated and secure, to developers rigorously testing and patching vulnerabilities, every stakeholder in the ecosystem must play their part.

Key Takeaways:​

• Timely Updates Are Critical: The easiest and most effective measure against these vulnerabilities is to update the affected application promptly.
• Secure Configurations Matter: Implementing proper access controls, enforcing encryption, and configuring secure cookie policies can dramatically reduce risk.
• Defense in Depth: Both personal users and organizations must adopt network isolation techniques, firewalls, and VPNs to provide layered security.
• Continuous Vigilance: In today’s rapidly evolving threat landscape, continuously monitoring and reassessing your security posture is not optional.

For Windows users—and indeed for anyone who is part of an interconnected digital environment—the advice is clear: stay informed, follow best practices, and regularly review the security settings of the apps and devices you rely on every day.
By staying proactive and adopting these mitigation measures, you can help ensure that essential services—whether they’re for managing your system settings on Windows or monitoring your health—remain secure against evolving threats.
Stay safe, stay updated, and remember, effective cybersecurity starts with each one of us.

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Source: CISA https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-medical-advisories/icsma-25-058-01