Nomad of Norad

Extraordinary Member
Joined
Jan 9, 2009
Messages
212
I'm up a gumtree without a paddle. I have been running around in circles for a week trying to get this solved.

I had migrated my old HDD with Windows 10 Pro on it over to a new machine, and a new SATA SSD drive. I used Macrium Reflect to image the drive over. This was an MBR booted system. I did have to use the boot loader repair feature of the Macrium Rescue disc (burned to a DVD-R) to get it to boot, because the Windows repair disc couldn't fix it. I then made backups of that to my files drive on the same machine (migrated over from the old machine) and which is still working fine (It is a server-grade, 13 or 14 terabyte drive), and did this till the trial version of Macrium expired, figuring I'd get around to buying it NEXT month or something... and kept kicking the can down the road again and again to NEXT month . Anyway, everything was fine since January, when I did the migration, and you don't expect hardware problems after only a few short months, so I wasn't in a huge hurry on this.

Friday a week ago, my SSD stopped booting altogether, with the machine telling me some message about please select a bootable drive. On two earlier occasions, it had given me that error, and I'd been able to do a repair-the-MBR thing from command line, and just go back to it booting fine again. This time, nothing I could do could get that to work. I finally took the machine to a local computer-repair shop, figuring they would be able to examine what was corrupting the MBR and fix it more expertly than I can... but it turned out the drive wasn't even showing as active, and only sometimes being readable.... which means the SSD was about dead. After only 8 months of service. Turns out the drive make and model was one that had a reputation for failing in a short period of time, because it was some expiremental hybrid of drive technology, or something of the sort. Anyway, he was going to run some process on the drive to try to retrieve as much off of it as he could, but it never got past the 20% mark, and he needed it to be at the 30% mark before he could get to the files and start pulling stuff off the drive.

Anyway, I had brought my old spinning-rust HDD I'd migrated from, and I mentioned I had my Macrium backups from January and into early February on the files drive in the machine. I left the machine with him, saying I needed what was on the HDD, or those backups, to be on the replacement C drivee. In this case, it was going to be one of those newer sorts of stick-of-ram-sized drives onto the motherboard.

Well, Monday I went to get my machine, and to see what the progress was on salvaging data off the SSD, to find that instead of migrating my existing C install over, he'd simply installed a fresh Windows 10 Home onto the device (my old setup was Windows 10 Pro! :O ) and he simply told me to reinstall all my software, and when I asked him why he'd gone this route, he said that trying to clone from an HDD to an SSD wasn't the right approach, because cloning a drive might carry over damaged sectors or something of the sort, and that "most people do it THIS OTHER way anyway." He also had copied over to it the folders of Desktop, Documents, Pictures, and Downloads (but didn't bring over my Roaming folder, where all my massive amounts of chatlogs and many, many software settings are)... which, I can still DO that, but...

Here's the thing. I've gotten a LOT of stuff configured and tweaked exactly the way I wanted it on this machine, going back years. I've got, like 10,000 different login credentials stored in the browser settings (which... well... all of that is probably in the old Roaming, but still) and a whole lot of pluggins and whatnot that I'd have to all re-implant back onto the new install, and a LOT of old programs of various sorts. Also I needed to be back up and running slam bang fast in order to at least partly pick back right up where I'd left off on a lot of projects, communications, and whatnot going on on the machine. Even with having to update some of the software from the version from 8 months ago to the current version, and recreate some of my more recent Daz Studio render scenes from scratch, I still would have had all my settings, (older) chatlogs, and whatnot from before intact.

Also, plenty of research online I looked at over the past week tells me that all the modern disk clone software are designed specifically with migration from HDD to SDD fully in mind, and will simply skip damaged sectors or missing data when migrating you over.

Anyway, after two or three days of looking into all that, I said to myself, "Fine, I'll just do the restore myself." As a precaution, I installed a fresh Macrium Reflect trial edition on the new install, and backed that image up fully, then wrote my old image onto the drive in its place.

I'm pretty sure I've gotten the drive image restored from my Macrium backups, with all the content and all the OS stuff there, but no matter what I do, I can't get past the make-it-bootable part of the process. My old image is MBR legacy boot, they set the new drive to GPT on UEFI, although at least the BIOS isn't set to secure boot. Also, because he made this a Windows 10 HOME install, simply plopping the C partition over from the (Windows 10 Pro) backup image into the C partition of the drive isn't going to work because its the wrong version of Windows 10 on there, nevermind it being the wrong bootloader type. After a few hours at a time, banging my head against a wall trying to get it to work, I'd eventually restore the other, Win10 Home image back on and boot back to that, so I could get at least SOME things done... such as asking Grok what to do, and getting the right doodads and whatnot to do that, and to also get back onto my Discord account and whatnot. Bear in mind, I'm reluctant to manually change the drive-access settings to Legacy mode for fear I'll now not be able to get back to the NEW-installed image bootable again. But I need a way to reliably convert the MBR legacy boot mode of the January drive image over to being GPT UEFI, without losing any data on the drive.

Anyway, I've been banging my head against a wall on this for a week, while getting hugely frustrated the whole time, and going round and round and round in circles trying to get the January image working, then going back to the Win10Home image, before trying the January image again. I need a bulletproof way to get my old image running on the new machine, without buying this, that, and the other paid doodad only to find out that won't fix it either. This is maddening.

Should I simply take my machine to another shop and have them do it for me? I am at my wits end on this.
 
You don’t need to start from scratch, and cloning HDD→SSD is fine. Your restore isn’t booting because the image is Legacy/MBR while the NVMe is set up for UEFI/GPT. Here’s the clean, repeatable way to get your January Windows 10 Pro image booting on the NVMe as UEFI/GPT—no paid add‑ons required.

Recommended path (restore, then convert with mbr2gpt)​

Prep
  • In BIOS/UEFI: set storage to AHCI (not RAID/VMD/RST/Optane). Leave Secure Boot OFF for now. Leave boot mode on UEFI (CSM/Legacy disabled) for the final boot, but you can switch temporarily if your rescue media needs it.
  • Have either: Macrium Reflect Rescue (WinRE/WinPE) or a Windows 10 install USB.
Steps
1) Restore your Jan/Feb Macrium image to the NVMe “as is”
  • Boot Macrium Rescue.
  • In Restore, delete all partitions on the NVMe.
  • Drag all partitions from your January image onto the NVMe (it will restore as MBR/Legacy).
  • Apply/finish. Do NOT try to mix the shop’s Home install with your Pro partition—restore your image alone.
2) Convert the restored disk from MBR→GPT offline
  • Boot to Windows 10 setup USB or Macrium Rescue, open Command Prompt.
  • Identify the disk:
    • diskpart
    • list disk (note the NVMe disk number, assume 0)
    • exit
  • Run the converter:
    • mbr2gpt /validate /disk:0
    • mbr2gpt /convert /disk:0
      Notes:
  • This shrinks the OS partition slightly and creates the EFI System Partition (ESP) and MSR, and updates BCD for UEFI.
  • If validation fails about insufficient room, free ~300 MB at the end of C: in Macrium (resize when restoring), then rerun mbr2gpt.
  • If it says it can’t find a Windows partition, ensure you restored the partition that contains \Windows and it’s marked as the OS partition.
3) Create UEFI boot entry (if needed)
  • Still in WinPE/Setup CMD, assign a letter to the new ESP and lay down boot files:
    • diskpart
    • select disk 0
    • list vol (find the small FAT32 ~100–300 MB volume)
    • select vol <#>
    • assign letter=S
    • exit
    • bcdboot C:\Windows /s S: /f UEFI
  • Alternatively, in Macrium Rescue use “Fix Windows boot problems”, select the NVMe Windows, and choose UEFI/GPT.
4) Firmware switch and first boot
  • In firmware, set Boot Mode = UEFI (disable CSM/Legacy).
  • Ensure “Windows Boot Manager (NVMe …)” is first in the boot list.
  • Boot. You should land in your Windows 10 Pro exactly as it was in January.
What if it still won’t boot?
  • “No bootable device” → Re-run bcdboot or Macrium “Fix Windows boot problems,” confirm ESP exists and is FAT32, confirm UEFI mode.
  • INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE BSOD → Your board may be in RAID/VMD mode. Switch storage to AHCI, or inject the RST/VMD driver using Macrium ReDeploy (only needed if the firmware forces VMD).
  • Activation/Edition → Your restored install stays Pro. If activation shows “Windows not activated,” sign in with the MS account that held the digital license or enter your Pro key via Settings > Activation.

Alternative (convert during restore in Macrium)​

If you prefer to do it all inside Macrium Rescue:
  • Restore your Windows partition, but before applying:
    • Create a 260 MB FAT32 partition at the start, set it to “EFI System Partition.”
    • Create a 16 MB MSR after that.
    • Restore your C: partition into the remaining space.
  • Apply, then run “Fix Windows boot problems” and choose UEFI/GPT. Reboot in UEFI mode.

About taking it to another shop​

You can do the above in under an hour. If you’d rather hand it off, ask the shop these three questions before leaving the PC:
  • Will you restore my existing Windows 10 Pro image and convert it to GPT with mbr2gpt (or create an ESP + bcdboot) so it boots in UEFI?
  • Will you avoid installing a fresh Windows unless I approve?
  • If my board uses Intel VMD/RST, will you switch to AHCI or inject the proper driver so it boots?
If you want, tell me:
  • Motherboard/model and current BIOS settings for Storage (AHCI vs RAID/VMD) and Boot (UEFI/Legacy/CSM).
  • Exact message you see after the mbr2gpt step.
  • Whether mbr2gpt /validate passes or fails (and the error text).
I can then tailor the exact diskpart/bcdboot commands for your layout.
 
@ChatGPT

Motherboard is by ASUS (ASUSTek COMPUTER INC.) and is a PRIME B550-PLUS, baseboard Rev X.ox
The drive is Samsung SSD 980 PRO 2TB, Bytes/Sector is 512, SCSI Port 1, Sectors/Track 63, on a Standard NVM Express Controller. For whatever reason, the files drive (which is on a Standard SATA AHCI Controller, and is a 12.73 TB drive) shows up first on the list of drives when I invoke DiskPart followed by List Volume in command line interface, but the files drive shows up as one partition, listed after the repair disc (on a usb DVD/bluray drive) that I'm booting from.
BIOS Mode is UEFI, Secure Boot State is Off, pretty sure the C drive is not RAID/VMD

The image I am trying to install consists of three partitions, those being a 200 MB partition, an 1862 GB (the C drive), and a 784 MB partition.

I have not yet done anything on this process today, other than collect the above info for you.
 
Great—thanks for the details. Your layout (200 MB + 1862 GB + 784 MB) is a classic Legacy/MBR install: 200 MB = System Reserved (NTFS), 1862 GB = C:, 784 MB = WinRE. On the ASUS PRIME B550‑PLUS with the Samsung 980 PRO, the cleanest path is: restore your January image “as-is,” convert that disk to GPT with mbr2gpt, then lay down UEFI boot files. Do it exactly like this.

Do this (bulletproof sequence)​

Prep (5 minutes)
  • If possible, unplug the 12.73 TB SATA files drive for the conversion/first boot. This avoids the firmware picking the wrong disk and protects the data.
  • BIOS: Leave Storage = AHCI, BIOS Mode = UEFI, Secure Boot = Off, CSM = Disabled.
1) Restore your January image to the 980 PRO
  • Boot Macrium Rescue (in UEFI mode).
  • In Restore, select the 980 PRO, delete all partitions on it.
  • Drag all three partitions from your Jan image onto the 980 PRO.
  • Important: before you click Finish, click “Restored Partition Properties” for the big C: partition and shrink it by 512 MB (leave 512 MB unallocated at the end). This gives mbr2gpt room if there are immovable files at the end.
  • Apply the restore.
2) Convert MBR → GPT
  • In Macrium Rescue, open Command Prompt (or boot a Win10 setup USB and press Shift+F10).
  • Identify the NVMe disk by size:
    • diskpart
    • list disk
    • select disk <N> (the ~1863 GB NVMe; do NOT pick the 12.73 TB drive)
    • list part (you should see ~200 MB, ~1862 GB, ~784 MB)
    • exit
  • Run the converter:
    • mbr2gpt /validate /disk:<N>
    • mbr2gpt /convert /disk:<N>
      Notes: This creates the EFI System Partition (FAT32 ~100–260 MB) and a 16 MB MSR, and updates the partitioning to GPT.
3) Ensure UEFI boot files are present
  • Still in the same Command Prompt:
    • diskpart
    • list vol (find the new small FAT32 volume = ESP)
    • select vol <#ESP>
    • assign letter=S
    • list vol (find your Windows volume letter; in WinPE it may not be C: — note it)
    • exit
  • Replace W: below with your Windows partition letter from list vol:
    • bcdboot W:\Windows /s S: /f UEFI
4) First boot
  • Reboot, enter BIOS, set “Windows Boot Manager (Samsung SSD 980 PRO …)” as the first boot option.
  • Boot into Windows. You should land in your January Windows 10 Pro install.
  • Once stable, you can reconnect the 12.73 TB SATA drive and then (optionally) turn Secure Boot back ON.

If something hiccups​

  • “No bootable device” or it loops back to firmware: Re-run the bcdboot step and confirm the ESP is FAT32 and you are booting in UEFI mode (CSM Off).
  • mbr2gpt /validate fails about space: Re‑restore and leave 1 GB unallocated at the end instead of 512 MB, then rerun.
  • INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE BSOD: Double‑check BIOS storage is AHCI (not RAID/VMD). On B550, RAID/VMD typically isn’t used for NVMe unless you enabled RAID.
If you want me to sanity‑check before you run convert, paste the output of:
  • diskpart → list disk → select disk <N> → list part
  • diskpart → list vol (so I can confirm the Windows and ESP letters for the bcdboot command)
You’ve got the right hardware and settings—this path will get your Pro install booting UEFI/GPT without buying anything.
 
@ChatGPT
Okay, I'm trying to follow the Prep (5 minutes) part of this as described above. As it is, I can't find the exact BIOS settings as named, so cannot figure out how to "Leave Storage = AHCI" or how to look at "BIOS Mode" to be sure "BIOS Mode" is in UEFI, or where the Secure Boot setting is or the CSM setting is.

The BIOS is Version 2.20.1271 Copyright (c) 2023 American Megatrends, Inc.

As it happens, the various storage devices show up multiple times in the boot order list, I.e. I'll see one instance of a device with M.2-2: in front of it, and one instance with no prefix, and one instance with some other thing in front of it. My understanding is that each of these are a different "boot type" to try them under. I would have expected the boot order selection system would have cycled through all the "boot type" options for each device, in the order the bios encounters each device, but it doesn't seem to be doing that, and instead just complains there's no boot device it can see, please insert boot device and press any key, until I go back into boot order and change it to one of the other prefixed versions.

Be advised that my Macrium Reflect backups are on the Files drive, so I really can't unplug the SATA on that until I've performed the re-imaging.
 
You’re on an ASUS UEFI, so the wording is a little different. Here’s exactly where to find each item on a PRIME B550‑PLUS.

Where the settings are​

  • Enter UEFI: press Del (or F2) at power‑on. Press F7 to switch to Advanced Mode.
  • SATA/AHCI
    • Advanced > SATA Configuration > SATA Mode Selection = AHCI.
    • If you see “AMD RAIDXpert2 Configuration,” open it and make sure “NVMe RAID mode” is Disabled.
  • UEFI vs Legacy (CSM)
    • Boot > CSM (Compatibility Support Module) > Launch CSM = Disabled. That forces pure UEFI boot.
    • If Launch CSM is greyed out, first go to Boot > Secure Boot and set “Secure Boot Control = Disabled” (or OS Type = Other OS). Then come back and disable CSM.
  • Secure Boot
    • Boot > Secure Boot > Secure Boot Control = Disabled (we’ll re‑enable after you’re booting).
  • Boot order
    • Boot > Boot Option Priorities. For rescue media, choose the entry that begins with “UEFI: …”.
    • After conversion/restoration, the correct target is “Windows Boot Manager (Samsung SSD 980 PRO …)”.
  • One‑time boot menu (handy): press F8 during POST, then pick “UEFI: <DVD/USB name>” to boot Macrium/Setup in UEFI mode.

About the multiple boot entries you see​

  • “UEFI: <device>” = boot that device in UEFI mode (this is what you want for Rescue/Setup).
  • Plain “<device>”, or entries like “P0:” / “M.2‑2:” without “UEFI:” = Legacy/CSM boot.
  • “Windows Boot Manager (Samsung SSD 980 PRO …)” = the UEFI loader on your NVMe’s EFI partition. After mbr2gpt + bcdboot, this is the one you should put first.

Working with the files drive still attached​

  • That’s fine—just be careful to select the correct target in Macrium by model name: “Samsung SSD 980 PRO 2TB”.
  • To avoid the firmware picking the SATA drive on first boot, use F8 and pick the specific entry you need (“UEFI: <DVD/USB>” for restore; later “Windows Boot Manager (Samsung …)”).
  • Optional safety: Advanced > SATA Configuration lets you temporarily Disable the specific SATA port for the 12.73 TB drive if the menu exposes per‑port enable/disable (some boards do). If not, just leave it and rely on the F8 menu/Boot Option Priority.
If you’d like, before you run mbr2gpt paste the output of these from your UEFI Command Prompt so I can confirm the disk/volume numbers and the exact bcdboot command:
  • diskpart → list disk → select disk <NVMe#> → list part
  • diskpart → list vol