Windows Server 2022 Essentials

Licensing Availability for Windows Server 2022 Essentials​

1. OEM-Only Licensing:
   Windows Server 2022 Essentials is available exclusively through OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers). It means the license is bundled with pre-built server hardware and cannot be purchased independently for custom-built systems.
2. CPU and Core Limitations:
   Essentials supports servers with one CPU and less than 10 cores, making it ideal for small-scale deployments without extensive hardware.
3. Alternatives for Licensing:
   If you are committed to a DIY solution, the licensing constraints for Essentials suggest exploring other options:
   • Windows Server 2022 Standard Edition: This version can be adapted for smaller environments, although it lacks the streamlined environment of Essentials.
   • Cloud-Based Options: Microsoft Azure virtual machines or hybrid setups (with Azure Arc integration) may provide a scalable solution without strict hardware-bundling constraints.

Addressing Your Needs: Backup, File Sharing, and Media Management​

1. Backup Feature:
   It seems you’re targeting Essentials primarily for its PC backup capabilities. However, the centralized client backup feature present in earlier Essentials versions (like Windows Server 2012 R2) has been deprecated in newer versions starting with Windows Server 2019. Instead, you’ll need to configure backups using third-party backup software or Windows Server's more generic solutions like Windows Admin Center and Storage Replica Tools.
   Potential Third-Party Solutions:
   • Veeam Backup & Replication: Flexible for both client and server backups.
   • Acronis Cyber Protect: Offers agent-based backups for PCs.
2. Media Sharing and File Access:
   • Use SMB file shares or applications like Plex for media streaming across your 20 TB storage setup.
   • If using Windows Server Standard Edition, enable deduplication in its storage features to optimize media storage efficiency.

Recommendations​

• Pre-Built System for Essentials: If Essentials is a priority, consider a reputable OEM server like a Dell PowerEdge or an HPE MicroServer, which bundles Essentials licenses.
• DIY Build with Standard Edition: For full DIY control, purchase the Standard Edition license and configure the server roles according to your needs. Note that this approach may require additional work to replicate Essentials features like simple PC backups.
• Hybrid Setup: Integrating on-premises Windows Server with cloud services (like Azure Backup) can balance scalability and modern file-sharing needs.

ChatGPT said:

To address your query about acquiring a new Windows Server 2022 Essentials license for your home build, here’s the information I gathered:

Licensing Availability for Windows Server 2022 Essentials​

1. OEM-Only Licensing:
   Windows Server 2022 Essentials is available exclusively through OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers). It means the license is bundled with pre-built server hardware and cannot be purchased independently for custom-built systems.
2. CPU and Core Limitations:
   Essentials supports servers with one CPU and less than 10 cores, making it ideal for small-scale deployments without extensive hardware.
3. Alternatives for Licensing:
   If you are committed to a DIY solution, the licensing constraints for Essentials suggest exploring other options:
   • Windows Server 2022 Standard Edition: This version can be adapted for smaller environments, although it lacks the streamlined environment of Essentials.
   • Cloud-Based Options: Microsoft Azure virtual machines or hybrid setups (with Azure Arc integration) may provide a scalable solution without strict hardware-bundling constraints.

---

Addressing Your Needs: Backup, File Sharing, and Media Management​

1. Backup Feature:
   It seems you’re targeting Essentials primarily for its PC backup capabilities. However, the centralized client backup feature present in earlier Essentials versions (like Windows Server 2012 R2) has been deprecated in newer versions starting with Windows Server 2019. Instead, you’ll need to configure backups using third-party backup software or Windows Server's more generic solutions like Windows Admin Center and Storage Replica Tools.
   Potential Third-Party Solutions:
   • Veeam Backup & Replication: Flexible for both client and server backups.
   • Acronis Cyber Protect: Offers agent-based backups for PCs.
2. Media Sharing and File Access:
   • Use SMB file shares or applications like Plex for media streaming across your 20 TB storage setup.
   • If using Windows Server Standard Edition, enable deduplication in its storage features to optimize media storage efficiency.

---

Recommendations​

• Pre-Built System for Essentials: If Essentials is a priority, consider a reputable OEM server like a Dell PowerEdge or an HPE MicroServer, which bundles Essentials licenses.
• DIY Build with Standard Edition: For full DIY control, purchase the Standard Edition license and configure the server roles according to your needs. Note that this approach may require additional work to replicate Essentials features like simple PC backups.
• Hybrid Setup: Integrating on-premises Windows Server with cloud services (like Azure Backup) can balance scalability and modern file-sharing needs.

Would you like examples of compatible OEM systems or steps to configure backups manually without Essentials' simplified workflow? Let me know how to proceed!

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Backup Setup for Windows Server 2022​

1. Third-Party Software:
   • Veeam Backup & Replication: Robust, user-friendly backup management for both clients and servers.
   • Acronis Cyber Protect: Agent-based backup with centralized controls and encryption for PCs and servers.
2. Windows Technologies:
   • Use Windows Admin Center or Storage Replica Tools to manage server-wide backup policies. These solutions work more generically for backup and recovery.
3. Hardware Specifications:
   • Focus on scalable and efficient hardware like Dell PowerEdge or HPE MicroServer if pre-built OEM systems are considered.

Windows Server 2019 Essentials vs. Windows Server 2022 for Home Use​

1. Centralized Backup:
   • Retains a feature that automatically backs up PC clients to the server—perfect for small-scale home environments.
2. Licensing Simplicity:
   • It eliminates the need for additional CALs (Client Access Licenses) and supports up to 25 users or 50 devices.

Limitations of Windows Server 2019 Essentials:​

• End of Support:
  • Microsoft’s lifecycle for updates on Essentials for 2019 ends earlier (January 2029).
• Deprecation of Features:
  • Essentials features like a streamlined centralized backup are unavailable in versions starting from Windows Server 2022.

• For modern, scalable backups with additional storage and performance features, go with Windows Server 2022 paired with third-party software.
• If home simplicity and cost efficiency are top priorities, Windows Server 2019 Essentials should fulfill your requirements.

1. Windows Server 2022 Standard​

• With the Essentials Experience role, you’ll get basic file sharing and user management, but advanced automated features (like the old PC backup) are indeed missing.
• You’ll need user CALs (Client Access Licenses) for each user/device—worth factoring into your budget.

2. Windows Server 2025 Preview​

• The preview offers a look at Microsoft’s latest server ideas, but isn't intended for production. Great for tinkering, but don’t trust your family photos to it.

3. Refurbished/Authorized Hardware Bundles​

• Companies like Dell and HP often bundle Essentials licenses with entry-level, used, or reconditioned hardware at attractive prices.
• These licenses are valid for that hardware. Just double-check transfer/upgrade eligibility if you swap parts later.

4. Alternatives​

• If your needs are mostly around file sharing, media storage/streaming, and light user management, look into:
  • Windows 10/11 Pro: With shared folders and Storage Spaces, it’s surprisingly capable for small setups.
  • TrueNAS or Unraid: Both open-source options excel at media storage, with excellent user management and plugins for Plex, Nextcloud, etc.
  • Linux + Samba: Rock-solid for classic file shares, if you’re up for a little command-line adventure.

5. Where to Buy​

• For legitimate licenses: stick to large, reputable resellers, or Microsoft Certified Refurbishers.
• If you see a “standalone” Essentials key floating around for $20 on a sketchy website…run. Microsoft’s audits are no joke.

Hazeritus said:

You're right—Windows Server 2022 Essentials is typically sold only through OEMs and bundled with specific server hardware. For a home-built setup, you might consider Windows Server 2022 Standard with the Essentials Experience role, although it lacks some of the automation features found in earlier Essentials versions like client PC backups. For your needs—media storage, file sharing, and light user access—it could still work well. Alternatively, consider evaluating Windows Server 2025 (preview) if available or using a refurbished server bundle that includes Essentials. Also, check Microsoft-authorized resellers or refurbished Dell/HP servers for bundled licenses.

Click to expand...

Hazeritus said:

You're right—Windows Server 2022 Essentials is typically sold only through OEMs and bundled with specific server hardware. For a home-built setup, you might consider Windows Server 2022 Standard with the Essentials Experience role, although it lacks some of the automation features found in earlier Essentials versions like client PC backups. For your needs—media storage, file sharing, and light user access—it could still work well. Alternatively, consider evaluating Windows Server 2025 (preview) if available or using a refurbished server bundle that includes Essentials. Also, check Microsoft-authorized resellers or refurbished Dell/HP servers for bundled licenses.

Click to expand...

Benefits of Custom Server Builds​

Evaluating Windows Server Editions and Configurations​

Windows Server 2022 Standard:​

• Ideal for your home-based setup where media storage, file sharing, and "light" user management are key.
• Added requirements like Client Access Licenses (CALs) may require extra budget considerations.
• Lacks the simplified automated backup features of earlier Essentials versions, meaning you’ll need to either:
  1. Use third-party backup software (e.g., Veeam or Acronis), or
  2. Manually configure storage replication or folder backup tasks .

Essentials Editions (Windows Server 2019 vs 2022):​

• Windows Server 2019 Essentials:
  • Tailored for small environments (up to 25 users/50 devices).
  • Still retains centralized client PC backups, making it an easier solution for backup and simplified management.
  • No CALs required, simplifying licensing for personal use.
  • Drawbacks: With support ending in 2029, it has a shorter lifecycle than newer versions .
• Windows Server 2022 Essentials:
  • A leaner, less feature-rich option but mostly available only with OEM hardware (pre-built servers).
  • May not provide value for a DIY build like yours since licensing is tightly tied to OEM systems .

Alternatives:​

• Unraid or TrueNAS: Perfect for reliable storage, simplicity with RAID-Z or parity options, and extensive plugin support like Plex.
• Linux + Samba: Lightweight, customizable, and great for file shares, though it may require more manual setup and knowledge.

Comparing Approaches to Backup and Management​

1. Windows Server Paired with Third-Party Tools:
   • If using Windows Server 2022 Standard, Veeam Backup is robust and can handle centralized backups.
2. Drive-Based Management:
   • Single or multiple RAID arrays.
   • Deduplication optional but highly recommended for efficient storage of media libraries using Windows tools or alternatives.
3. TrueNAS with ZFS Storage:
   • ZFS offers data integrity features similar to ECC on memory and supports high-capacity media demands.

Conclusion:​

• Windows Server 2019 Essentials fits perfectly, providing centralized backup and reliable server performance .

• Stick with Windows Server 2022 Standard, add traditionally functional backup tools, and fully utilize ReFS and storage deduplication.

wyliec2 said:

Thanks for the reply.

Part (a lot actually) of the rationale for this build is that I enjoy planning and assembling systems - it's a hobby with an underlying, if not necessarily cost-justified, purpose..

I did consider building a PC with shares, but I was so happy with my first server - ECC, reliability oriented, etc. that I stayed with the server route.

Click to expand...

ChatGPT said:

Your approach of building a server as a project and hobby, with long-term reliability and purposeful design, fits perfectly into your detailed planning mindset! Here's a deeper dive into key considerations and Windows Server options:

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Benefits of Custom Server Builds​

Your focus on ECC RAM and reliability aligns well with server-grade hardware and software setups. ECC ensures minimal data corruption, while your attention to detail allows you to build systems fine-tuned for your precise needs. Windows Server remains a solid choice for integrating enterprise-grade stability with manageable complexity.

---

Evaluating Windows Server Editions and Configurations​

Windows Server 2022 Standard:​

• Ideal for your home-based setup where media storage, file sharing, and "light" user management are key.
• Added requirements like Client Access Licenses (CALs) may require extra budget considerations.
• Lacks the simplified automated backup features of earlier Essentials versions, meaning you’ll need to either:
  1. Use third-party backup software (e.g., Veeam or Acronis), or
  2. Manually configure storage replication or folder backup tasks .

Essentials Editions (Windows Server 2019 vs 2022):​

• Windows Server 2019 Essentials:
  • Tailored for small environments (up to 25 users/50 devices).
  • Still retains centralized client PC backups, making it an easier solution for backup and simplified management.
  • No CALs required, simplifying licensing for personal use.
  • Drawbacks: With support ending in 2029, it has a shorter lifecycle than newer versions .
• Windows Server 2022 Essentials:
  • A leaner, less feature-rich option but mostly available only with OEM hardware (pre-built servers).
  • May not provide value for a DIY build like yours since licensing is tightly tied to OEM systems .

Alternatives:​

If you’re mostly focused on a file storage, media server, or backup solution:

• Unraid or TrueNAS: Perfect for reliable storage, simplicity with RAID-Z or parity options, and extensive plugin support like Plex.
• Linux + Samba: Lightweight, customizable, and great for file shares, though it may require more manual setup and knowledge.

---

Comparing Approaches to Backup and Management​

1. Windows Server Paired with Third-Party Tools:
   • If using Windows Server 2022 Standard, Veeam Backup is robust and can handle centralized backups.
2. Drive-Based Management:
   • Single or multiple RAID arrays.
   • Deduplication optional but highly recommended for efficient storage of media libraries using Windows tools or alternatives.
3. TrueNAS with ZFS Storage:
   • ZFS offers data integrity features similar to ECC on memory and supports high-capacity media demands.

---

Conclusion:​

For pure home use and simplicity:

• Windows Server 2019 Essentials fits perfectly, providing centralized backup and reliable server performance .

For more modern features and broader lifespan:

• Stick with Windows Server 2022 Standard, add traditionally functional backup tools, and fully utilize ReFS and storage deduplication.

Lastly, if licensing and cost become a constraint, open-source options like Unraid or TrueNAS are highly flexible while remaining reliability-oriented.
Let me know if you want detailed setup guides for backups, media sharing, or even RAID array planning!

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• Are you building the server yourself or buying an OEM unit?
• Intended roles (file server, Plex media server with transcoding, Active Directory/Domain Controller, backups, VMs, something else)?
• Rough size: how much storage (TB), how many users/devices, and whether you want remote access?
• Do you already have ECC RAM, and is a dedicated GPU for Plex transcoding in the plan?
• Preference for Windows vs. open‑source (TrueNAS/Unraid/Linux) or willing to mix (TrueNAS for storage + Windows for Windows-only services)?
• Your comfort level with command line / Linux vs. GUI tools?
• Budget constraints or licensing concerns (CALs)?

• DIY + Windows services (file shares, AD, occasional backups): Windows Server 2022 Standard + Veeam/Acronis for backups; use Storage Spaces/ReFS and enable deduplication if needed.
• Simplicity + home backups/PC backup features: Windows Server 2019 Essentials is very simple for small setups (but has a limited lifecycle).
• Pure storage/media focus: TrueNAS for ZFS (ECC recommended) or Unraid if you want easy plugin support and parity-based arrays.
• Plex with heavy transcoding: plan for a capable CPU or dedicated GPU (NVIDIA/Intel QuickSync) depending on live transcodes.

• Hardware checklist and optimal config (ECC, RAID/ZFS, PSU sizing, cooling)
• Step-by-step install + initial Windows Server 2022 Standard config (roles, file shares, ReFS, dedupe)
• TrueNAS build and ZFS pool layout for media + backups
• Plex setup and transcoding tuning (including GPU pass-through for VMs if you virtualize)
• Backup strategy walkthrough using Veeam, Acronis, or built-in tools