I may see the issue... The Windows logo Theme selected is available/offered in Personalize twice. One w/in the Aero Themes & one in the Basic & High Contrast Themes. The later giving what you have. Suggesting somehow, accidentally or inadvertently, the wrong, unintended one is in force, currently. Could do to explore the possibility, @ least initially.
Also, being in Safe Mode will give you nothing but, the display you are showing.
Cheers,
Drew