Hi,
I'd restart the firewall as having it disabled is not good practice. If your using Windows 8 with a local account then some functionality will be lost and it's always best to use a Microsoft account:
https://login.live.com/login.srf?wa...nt.live.com/summarypage.aspx&lc=2057&id=38936
Some online games might not be compatible with windows 8 and you might need to check on this. The same with the programs, if you post which is giving you trouble then we might be able to help further.
I use Chrome and it runs absolutely fine maybe you need to re-install the browser again?
Lastly you can always reset Windows by clicking on the Settings wheel...