Microsoft’s Security Response Center lists CVE-2025-54095 as an out-of-bounds read in the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) that can disclose memory contents to a remote attacker over the network.
Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) is a long‑standing Windows Server role that provides VPN termination (PPTP, L2TP/IPsec, SSTP), routing, NAT, and legacy dial‑up services. Because RRAS processes untrusted network input and typically runs at elevated privilege on Windows Server hosts, any memory‑safety issue in its protocol parsing paths becomes a high‑value target for attackers. Public advisories in 2025 show several RRAS CVEs with similar root causes—out‑of‑bounds reads and uninitialized resource usage—so CVE‑2025‑54095 should be seen in the context of a pattern of RRAS memory handling defects across the year. This article summarizes the technical facts published by Microsoft, corroborates and cross‑checks the vendor guidance using independent vulnerability databases and reputable security press reporting, and lays out an operationally focused detection, mitigation, and remediation playbook for administrators who run RRAS in production. Where a specific detail for CVE‑2025‑54095 could not be independently verified, that uncertainty is flagged clearly.
Background / Overview
Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) is a long‑standing Windows Server role that provides VPN termination (PPTP, L2TP/IPsec, SSTP), routing, NAT, and legacy dial‑up services. Because RRAS processes untrusted network input and typically runs at elevated privilege on Windows Server hosts, any memory‑safety issue in its protocol parsing paths becomes a high‑value target for attackers. Public advisories in 2025 show several RRAS CVEs with similar root causes—out‑of‑bounds reads and uninitialized resource usage—so CVE‑2025‑54095 should be seen in the context of a pattern of RRAS memory handling defects across the year. This article summarizes the technical facts published by Microsoft, corroborates and cross‑checks the vendor guidance using independent vulnerability databases and reputable security press reporting, and lays out an operationally focused detection, mitigation, and remediation playbook for administrators who run RRAS in production. Where a specific detail for CVE‑2025‑54095 could not be independently verified, that uncertainty is flagged clearly.What Microsoft says (short summary)
- Vulnerability: out‑of‑bounds read in Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS).
- Impact: information disclosure — an attacker who can trigger the faulty code path may receive contents of memory that the service should not expose.
- Attack vector: network — crafted RRAS protocol messages sent to a reachable RRAS endpoint. RRAS commonly handles traffic on PPTP, L2TP/IPsec, SSTP and related ports. (msrc.microsoft.com, msrc.microsoft.com, bleepingcomputer.com, Security Update Guide - Microsoft Security Response Center
