It could also be a faulty monitor. Have you tried connected a different working monitor to your computer or borrow one from a friend to try it? This will often fix this problem.
If the problem persists after trying another known working monitor, it could also be a faulty GPU card or GPU chip on the Motherboard and that takes more troubleshooting such as kemical suggests. Many motherboards have an embedded GPU chip built in on the Motherboard, so to test your GPU card, simply power off and remove the card from the inside of your computer case. Power back up, access the Motheboard BIOS and set your Graphics Card to
DISABLED, save settings and reboot. There are different BIOSes that do this differently; you'll need to...