Windows 10 How does Windows 10 know when to run ChkDsk?

[WinFreak]

When exactly does Windows show "Scn and repair this drive?"

 

[Neemobeer]

That can happen for a number of reasons. If there is a lot of changes to a volume and the system was restarted. If corruption is detected. You can also manually set the dirty bit on a volume and it will trigger a chkdsk