Hi
Try what Neemobeer said, and if that doesn't work there may be no option but to just do a Reset, or a fresh install and start over with a clean computer.
You have the advantage that you have a booting computer and you can backup everything that you don't want to lose before you start.
When you used Todo backup did you make the bootable restore disk?
If you didn't do that right away, you don't want the computer to become unbootable and not have the disk to restore it.
It seems that the instructions to restore your computer without losing anything were too accurate. You didn't lose anything at all, not even your problems.
You can try doing a "Reset" which will wipe your hard drive and reinstall Windows, or do a clean installation.
Here are instructions on how to do a clean installation.
Don't worry about the registration once it's installed it will activate your registration because you've already had it installed and have a Microsoft account.
How to do a Clean Install of Windows 10, the Easy Way
Do make sure that you don't have anything on the C:\ drive that you don't want to lose that isn't backed up.
Favorites, game saves, documents, photos, music, and don't forget to back up your desktop if you have stuff on it.
I wish I knew a easier way but at this point it's either do a clean install, or a reset.
When you do get it all up and working don't forget to make a new system image file so you won't have to go through this again.
Last suggestion, I don't know how your computer is set up, but it's a good idea to have Windows on a small partition on your drive, then put everything else on the other one.
That means your installed software too, just change the C:\ to D:\ and leave the rest of the install address alone it will make a new Programs and Program Files x(86) folder on D:\ so none of the space used will be on C:\.
That way you data isn't at risk when Windows screws up or get a virus, and it takes a much shorter time to back it up and restore it.
I did a fresh install when I switched to the retail version of Windows 10 and put in a 250 GB SSD just for Windows.
If you decide to do that, you can shrink your C:\ drive (I'd say to about 150 GB) and make the free space into a new drive using Disk Management, (this would be after moving everything you want off of C:\ to your external drive.
It's a lot of work, but you computer should run like it's right out of the box.
Mike