This just happen recently?  There is a setting in Start Menu properties that can have the Recent Items show (there) or not.  Still, there is enough stuff missing that I would suggest malware or corruption in the Registry.  Run Malwarebytes, sfc /scannow & chkdsk /r/f.  Depending on things after that or beyond that would consider Sys Restore or Repair from the OS disc before, feeling like a Rebuild is necessary.   Regards, Drew